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Air assisted flares enable the smokeless combustion of low pressure waste gases. Air (or Gas) assisted flares can be used when no steam is available on site. Air assisted flares use forced draft Air or Gas to create turbulence ensuring that sufficient primary combustion air is supplied to the flame. The amount of air and hence the size of the tip and riser depend on the degree of smokeless operation required and the maximum flow for smokeless operation. Key features Proprietary design to maximize the mixing of waste gas and air streams and to create turbulence in the combustion zone. Variable speed fans, to supply the optimal amount of Air (Gas) Use of wind deflectors if required, to prevent flame impingement Flame holders around the periphery of the flare tip to ensure stable operation. Use of high grade alloys to enhance lifetime of the flare tip. The use of combustion/mixing air to cool the flare tip and thus enhance its lifetime Key advantages Smokeless operation under a wide range of operating conditions Smokeless flaring of high molecular weight gases Air cooling of the flare tip, resulting in longer lifetime and lower operation and maintenance costs Reduced radiant heat for a given capacity Applications Upstream oil & gas sector Chemical and petrochemical industries including refineries Tank farms and terminals Pipeline transport LNG and NG terminals and compressor stations

In cases where waste liquid’s or suspension’s need to be incinerated, EUROPEM uses liquid fuel injection lances equipped with ultrasonic atomisation nozzles, resulting in very fine droplets and an almost gas-like combustion process. This nozzle uses an atomizing fluid such as superheated LP steam or compressed air. EUROPEM Natural Draft and Forced Draft Burners Different configurations for the atomization nozzle are possible, depending on the burner design, capacity range and the desired spray pattern in relation to the combustion chamber. The nozzle operates based on the Hartmann Generator principle and was originally developed the early 1970s. In 2007, the nozzle was optimized and now has a fuel turndown ratio of 10:1. Hartmann Generator principle: Through a jet nozzle (D), a gaseous fluid flows with supercritical pressure ratio – meaning sonic speed. According to Mach and Salcher a periodical structure will build up in the stream (dotted line). Graph K shows the pressure cycles along the length of the gas stream. Oscillations occur by filling (pressurizing) and deflating the hollow space H. This is the principle used for the Ultrasonic Nozzle. A Hartmann Generator is placed as a concentric ring around a central liquid fuel pipe. The high exit speed of the atomizing fluid (compressed air, steam or combustible gas) alone achieves a rough atomization, caused by the negative pressure. The ultrasonic effect created by the Hartmann Generator oscillates the pre-atomized droplets at a high frequency, and further fragments the droplets into a very fine mist. Advantages: Low and high viscosity fluids are atomized into smallest possible droplets. No limitation on ash content and other solid particles in liquid fuels. Various fuel types can be used in one nozzle, no limitation on fuel mixtures. High durability due to low operating pressure for fuel and atomizer. Different nozzle types to obtain different spraying paterns

Europem ignition systems and pilot burners have been developed for their continuous reliable operation in harsh environments and in all weather conditions. High grade alloys are used and critical parts are mounted in protective housings to ensure the long lifetime of the equipment. Both High Energy electronic spark ignition and flame front ignition systems are offered. Flame Front Ignition (FFG) systems have been used as the workhorse of the flare industry for many years. The FFG pilot ignition line is filled with a combustible gas/air mixture, then ignited by a spark on the ignition skid to generate a flame front travelling through the ignition line up to the flare burner. This flame front subsequently ignites the pilot gas and the waste gas in the flare burner. Both manual and automatic flame front ignition systems can be offered. High Energy Electronic spark ignition uses a high voltage electric arc to ignite the combustible pilot air-gas mixture. The arc is generated at fixed intervals for a limited period of time. EP-ESPI Electronic Spark Ignition EP-FFGI Flame Front Ignition EP-CIS Combined Electronic and FFG Ignition systems can be supplied with either Manual or Automatic ignition controls, or a combination of both. For safe areas and for explosion proof areas, either onshore or offshore and with retractable or non-retractable ignitor rods. Pilot Burners Pilot burners can combine one or more of the ignition systems described above and with a continuous flame to ensure that combustible waste gas mixtures are always ignited and combusted. Europem pilot burners have the following features: High Energy Ignition to ensure reliable ignition regardless of moisture levels, dirt or atmospheric conditions Ignition rod, spark plug and thermocouple are housed in the main pilot body for added protection and prevent exposure to high temperatures Made from high grade stainless steel alloys Pilot burners can be supplied with Single or Duplex Thermocouples or Thermocouples plus Ionisation detection. Self-aspirating venturi mixers or with forced draft air High temperature cable with pre-wired plug and socket connections AC or DC electronics