The textile market – a brief overview

The constantly evolving market of the textile industry is still in a growth phase in 2024. With an estimated 748 billion US dollars worldwide and a forecast of 889.24 billion US dollars by 2029, the textile industry is also expected to continue to grow. This corresponds to an annual growth rate of 3.52 per year in the period 2024-2029. The demand for sustainable materials plays a particularly important role here. Natural fibre composites obtained from plants and animals will be used increasingly in the manufacture of garments and clothing in the years to come. The most frequently used natural fibres here include cotton, linen, hemp, jute, cashmere and silk. The equipping of sports clothing with sensors and electronic components in the near future is also increasing over time and could continue to positively change demand.
 

The material: the basis for peak performance

The heart of every sports jersey is the material. High-quality football jerseys are usually made of synthetic fibres such as polyester, polyamide or elastane. These materials are light, breathable and quick-drying. They are also highly durable, withstanding the stresses and strains of the playing field. The choice of material depends on the particular application and requirements of the sport. Innovative new technologies such as Dri-FIT or Climacool ensure optimal moisture transport and a comfortable fit for running.
 

Dri-Fit: The technology developed by Nike aims to wick moisture away from the body to ensure a dry feel. The fibres used in Dri-FIT fabrics have a high capillary effect. This means that they can quickly absorb sweat and transport it to the outer layer of the fabric. On the outside of the fabric, the moisture is then distributed over a larger area and can therefore evaporate more quickly. The rapid wicking of moisture reduces the risk of skin irritation and the body cools down faster, making it more efficient and less prone to overheating.

Climacool: A temperature-regulating technology developed by Adidas takes a slightly more comprehensive approach. Climacool fabrics are designed to allow for optimal air circulation. Special fabric structures and mesh inserts are used to channel fresh air to the body and wick away moist air. This helps to maintain a balanced body temperature, both in hot and cold conditions. These fabrics also have a moisture-wicking property.
 

Production process: from idea to finished jersey
 

The production of sports jerseys is a complex process involving various production steps.

The sublimation printing process is the most commonly used. In this sublimation process, the design is first digitised and then printed on a special transfer paper that has been treated with dye sublimation ink. This paper is then pressed onto the sublimation material, usually polyester, at high temperature and pressure. The heat causes the ink to evaporate and chemically bond with the fibres of the fabric, creating a durable and detailed high-quality print.

After printing, the individual parts of the jersey are cut and sewn together. Modern patterns and CAD software enable precise cutting and an optimal fit. The seams are also checked and reinforced if necessary to ensure a high level of durability.
 

The next step is to finish the jersey. This is where logos, sponsor names and player numbers are added. Special flex films are often used for this, which are also applied to the jersey using heat. The choice of finishing process depends on the type of material and the desired effect.

After printing, the individual parts of the jersey are sewn together and the final processing is carried out.
 

The production costs for a football shirt, for example, depend on various factors, including the materials used, the complexity of the design and the production location. A study by TextilWirtschaft shows that the share of labour costs has tended to rise in recent years due to rising wages in the producing countries. At the same time, technological advances in the textile industry have led to the development of new, lower-cost materials.

 

Quality assurance: strict controls for the highest standards

To ensure the high quality of sports jerseys, the production processes are subject to strict quality controls. Each jersey is checked for material defects, processing defects and dimensional accuracy. In addition, football jerseys must meet certain norms and standards to ensure the protection of players. Certifications such as Oeko-Tex Standard 100 guarantee that the materials used are free of harmful substances.
 

Certifications and labels required

Various certifications and labels are required to ensure the quality and safety of sports jerseys. These differ depending on the type of sport and the associated requirements. As an example, you will find the required certifications for 3 sports jerseys:
 

  • Football jerseys:
    • FIFA certification: Football jerseys worn in official matches must meet the strict guidelines of FIFA. These include requirements for material composition, colouring, visibility of logos and player numbers, as well as general quality.
    • Öko-Tex Standard 100: This label guarantees that the textiles used are free of harmful substances and thus do not endanger the health of the players.
  • Basketball jerseys:
    • NBA regulations: The NBA has its own guidelines for the manufacture of basketball jerseys, which, among other things, concern the fit, material composition and durability.
    • ASTM standards: The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) sets standards for the safety of sportswear. Basketball jerseys must meet certain requirements for abrasion resistance and tear resistance.
  • Swimming costumes:
    • FINA regulations: The Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) sets the rules for the production of competition swimsuits. These include requirements for buoyancy, water resistance and material composition.
    • UV protection: Swimwear must provide adequate UV protection to prevent athletes' skin from sunburn.
       

Why are certifications so important?
 

  • Trust: Certifications make the production processes transparent and create trust with the customer. Anyone wearing a certified sports jersey can be sure that it was manufactured under fair conditions and does not contain any harmful substances.
  • Health protection: Many certifications relate to the health safety of the materials used.
     
  • Enhanced performance: In addition to safety, certifications can also confirm the performance of a product. For example, there are certifications that attest to the water repellency or breathability of a fabric.
  • Market access: In many countries, certain certifications are required by law for the sale of sportswear. Companies that want to offer their products on the global market must therefore be able to show the relevant certifications.
     

How can you recognise a high-quality sports shirt?
 

A high-quality sports shirt is characterised by a combination of first-class materials, precise workmanship and well-thought-out design. When choosing a new shirt, it is worth taking a closer look. First of all, you should check the materials used. High-quality functional fabrics such as polyester or polyamide quickly wick away moisture and offer a high level of comfort. A glance at the seams reveals a lot about the quality of workmanship. If they are clean and evenly processed, this indicates careful manufacturing. The printing also plays an important role. High-quality prints are colour-intensive, high-contrast and soft to the touch. In addition, a good sports jersey should have an optimal fit. It should fit snugly without constricting and allow freedom of movement. Another important aspect is durability. A high-quality jersey will keep its shape and colour even after many washes and intensive use. Last but not least, you should pay attention to the brand. Reputable sportswear manufacturers place a high value on quality and innovation.
 

Conclusion

The production of sports jerseys is a highly complex process that has developed significantly in recent years. Innovative technologies and sustainable materials are continuously improving the comfort and performance of sportswear. The customisation of jerseys is becoming more and more important as consumers demand personalised products. According to forecasts, the global market for sportswear will continue to grow in the coming years. In particular, the areas of e-sports and fitness fashion will drive growth with a focus on sustainable and recyclable materials.