Urea

Urea is an organic chemical compound referred to as the diamide of carbonic acid. It is the final product of protein metabolism and other nitrogenous compounds in ureotelic animals (which excrete most of their nitrogen in the form of urea through metabolic processes). On an industrial scale, urea is produced through a direct reaction of carbon dioxide with ammonia under pressure and at temperatures ranging from 160 to 200 °C. The product is highly hygroscopic and appears in the form of white granules. It is white, crystalline, and odorless, and it does not dissolve in fats. It is typically available in concentrations of 45%, 40%, and 30%.